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A1–C2 · TOEFL iBT

TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1

AI-generated practice paper in the style of TOEFL iBT — original material, not a reproduction of any real exam paper, following the official task types. Listening audio is read aloud by your browser's voice. For Speaking you can record yourself and compare with a model answer, and Writing tasks include a model answer — neither is scored automatically, since that needs real speech and writing evaluation this site does not offer for this exam.

Reading

Complete the Words

Type the missing letters to complete the words in the paragraph.

Paper was invented in China about two thousand years ago. Earlier civilisations had written on clay, bam, or animal skin, all of which were heavy or expen. Chinese craftsmen disco that pulped plant fibres could be spread thinly and dried into smo sheets. The technique moved slowly west along trade routes and reached the Islamic world in the eighth cent. From there, it entered Europe, whe cheap paper made the spr of printed books affor for the first ti.

Read in Daily Life

Read the text and answer the questions.

For sale: Second-hand hybrid bike Ridden for two years, well maintained, new tyres fitted last month. Comes with a lock and lights. $140, or best offer. Collection only from near the East Gate — I can't deliver. Message through the app to arrange a time to see it before buying.

1. What does the seller say about delivery?

2. What is suggested before someone buys the bike?

Schedule: Riverside Book Fair Friday: Opening, children's authors, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Saturday: Poetry readings 11 a.m.; novelists' panel 2 p.m.; open until 6 p.m. Sunday: Second-hand book swap all day, 10 a.m.-3 p.m. — bring up to 5 books to exchange. Entry free every day; some author talks require a $3 ticket, available on arrival.

3. What should visitors bring on Sunday if they want to take part in the swap?

4. On which day does the fair close latest?

Read an Academic Passage

Read the passage and answer the questions.

Rust, the reddish-brown coating familiar on untreated iron and steel, is the visible result of a chemical process called oxidation, in which iron atoms lose electrons to oxygen, typically in the presence of water, which acts as an electrolyte that allows the necessary electron transfer to occur efficiently across the metal's surface. Contrary to a common assumption, dry iron exposed only to oxygen with no moisture present corrodes extremely slowly, which explains why iron artifacts recovered from very dry desert environments or sealed, humidity-free containers can survive remarkably well preserved for centuries. Saltwater dramatically accelerates the process, since dissolved salt increases the water's ability to conduct the electrical current involved in the reaction, a fact well known to engineers who must design ships, bridges, and coastal infrastructure with corrosion resistance specifically in mind. Several strategies exist to slow or prevent rust: paint and other coatings physically block water and oxygen from reaching the metal surface; galvanising applies a thin protective layer of zinc, a more reactive metal that corrodes preferentially, sacrificing itself to protect the underlying steel; and alloying iron with chromium produces stainless steel, in which a thin, self-repairing layer of chromium oxide forms spontaneously on the surface and effectively seals the metal beneath from further oxidation, explaining why stainless steel resists rust far better than ordinary steel despite containing iron.

5. According to the passage, why does dry iron corrode much more slowly than moist iron?

6. As used in the passage, "sacrificing itself" describes how zinc

7. What can be inferred about iron artifacts found in very dry desert environments?

8. Why does the author explain how stainless steel resists rust?

9. What is the main idea of the passage?

Listening

Listen and Choose a Response

Listen to each speaker, then choose the best response.

1. Choose the best response.

2. Choose the best response.

3. Choose the best response.

4. Choose the best response.

5. Choose the best response.

6. Choose the best response.

7. Choose the best response.

8. Choose the best response.

Listen to a Conversation

Listen to the conversation, then answer the questions.

9. What is Anna's problem?

10. What does David find caused the issue?

11. How does the conversation end?

Listen to an Announcement

Listen to the announcement, then answer the questions.

12. Why is this brief power interruption happening?

13. What is advised for anyone doing overnight lab work?

Listen to an Academic Talk

Listen to part of a lecture, then answer the questions.

14. What color were most peppered moths before industrialization?

15. Why did the dark moth variant become more common?

16. What happened after pollution was later reduced?

17. What does this reversal help confirm, according to the professor?

Writing

Build a Sentence

Click the words and phrases to put them in the correct order.

1. Why is sleep important for memory?

2. Is that the tallest building in the country?

3. What are those people protesting about?

4. What did the dean announce?

5. The weather has been so unpredictable.

Write an Email

Write an email that responds to the situation.

You ordered a birthday cake from a bakery, but it was collected late and arrived in poor condition. Write an email to the bakery owner. In your email, do the following: - Explain what went wrong. - Say how it affected your event. - Say what you want the bakery to do.
Show sample answer
Model answer: Dear Mrs. Dawson, I am writing about the chocolate cake I ordered for my daughter's birthday party last Saturday. I asked for it to be ready by ten in the morning, but it was not finished until after one o'clock. When I opened the box, one side had collapsed and the decoration was smeared. As a result, we had to delay the party, and several children were disappointed. I felt embarrassed in front of my guests, and I had to buy a second dessert at the last minute. I would like a partial refund of the cost of the cake and an assurance that this will not happen again. I have been a customer for many years, and I hope we can solve this fairly. Sincerely, Rachel Thompson

Write for an Academic Discussion

Read the discussion and write a post that contributes to it.

Dr. Marchetti: In health policy, should every country provide universal healthcare funded through taxation, or is a private, insurance-based system more efficient and innovative? Share your position with reasons. Elif: Universal healthcare. Nobody should avoid seeing a doctor because of cost, and countries with universal systems generally report better overall health outcomes for a lower total cost per person than the United States. Torben: I favour a private system for its innovation and speed. Competition between providers drives improvements in treatment and reduces waiting times, which public systems are often criticised for. Write a post that contributes to the discussion (at least 100 words).
Show sample answer
Model answer: I lean towards Elif's position on the core principle, mainly because the cost comparisons she mentions are well documented: several countries with universal coverage spend less per person overall while achieving comparable or better outcomes, which undercuts the idea that private systems are automatically more efficient. Torben's point about waiting times is a real and common complaint about public systems, though, and I don't think it should be waved away. I'd support a universal system as the guaranteed baseline for everyone, similar to several European countries, while still allowing private insurance alongside it for people who want faster access to non-urgent treatment. That combination could capture some of the innovation and speed Torben values without abandoning Elif's principle that basic care shouldn't depend on wealth.

Speaking

Listen and Repeat

Listen to each sentence and repeat it exactly.

Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: What time does the shop close?
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: What would you do if your flight got cancelled?
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: The campus shuttle runs every fifteen minutes on weekdays.
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: Volunteers spent the weekend cleaning up litter along the riverbank near the park.
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: Although the hotel looked lovely online, the room turned out to be quite small.

Take an Interview

Answer each interview question. Speak for about 45 seconds.

Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: Yes, I have a cat named Milo who's about three years old. He's quite independent but always shows up when I'm eating, hoping for a small piece of whatever I have.
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: I decided on a cat mainly because of my schedule. Dogs need much more attention and regular walks, and with classes and a part-time job, a cat's independence suited my lifestyle better.
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
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Model answer: Yes, quite a bit. I now have a fixed feeding schedule, and I'm more careful about leaving certain plants or foods within reach, since a few common things are actually dangerous for cats.
Recorded on your device only — play it back and compare with the model answer.
Show sample answer
Model answer: I think pets provide companionship and a sense of routine, and studies have shown they can even lower stress and blood pressure. Coming home to Milo after a hard day genuinely improves my mood.
Keep your streak going

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